Classification
1. By spray form:
▶ Solid cone nozzle: The spray area is circular, with uniform droplet distribution and high coverage density. It is suitable for fire scenarios
that require thorough coverage (such as cargo hold fires), and can effectively lower the fire scene temperature and inhibit the spread of the fire.
▶ Hollow cone nozzle: Produces a hollow cone-shaped water mist, with the droplets concentrated in the central area of the spray. It is suitable
for cooling (such as engine compartment walls) and cleaning (such as deck surfaces), and can achieve uniform cooling or cleaning over a wide area.
▶ Fan-shaped nozzle: The spray forms a fan-shaped plane, with a large coverage area and strong jet force. It is suitable for large-scale cleaning
(such as decks and cabin walls) and the formation of water curtains (such as compartment divisions), and can effectively prevent the spread of fire.
2. By application scenario:
▶ Fire fog nozzle: Include fine water mist fire extinguishing heads and foam-water dual-purpose heads (such as ELO-231 pendant water/foam head),
used to extinguish ship fires (engine room, cargo hold, paint room), by atomizing water or foam to isolate oxygen and lower the temperature.
▶ Cleaning fog nozzle: Such as high-pressure narrow-angle conical nozzles (30° - 45°), rotating nozzles, used to remove oil and salt stains from deck,
compartments and equipment surfaces, with strong impact force and adjustable coverage range, reducing water waste.
▶ Cooling fog nozzle: For high-temperature equipment such as engines and generators, it atomizes water flow to evenly cover the surface, removing
heat and ensuring that the equipment maintains a stable temperature during high-load operation, thereby extending its service life.
Technical Feature
1. Corrosion-resistant material: The main body is made of 316 stainless steel, silicon carbide or special alloys, which can resist the erosion of salt fog
and moisture in the marine environment, thereby extending the service life (usually up to 5-10 years).
2. Efficient atomization design: Some nozzles are equipped with spiral inner flow channels, guide vanes, or detachable vanes, which cause the water flow
to rotate vigorously inside the nozzle, enhancing the atomization effect (with droplet diameters ranging from 50 to 200 μm), and improving the uniformity of
coverage and the efficiency of fire suppression/cleaning.
3. Structural compatibility: Utilizing metric thread connections (such as M10×1, G1/2), the installation is convenient; some nozzles (such as the FZW series)
are designed with detachable cap covers and blades, allowing for cleaning without the need to disassemble the entire nozzle, thereby reducing maintenance costs.
4. Customization function: Based on the type of the vessel (cargo ship, passenger ship, military auxiliary ship) and operational requirements, the spray angle
(30° - 125°), flow rate (5 - 50 L/min), and particle size can be adjusted. Even intelligent linkage control (such as automatic startup triggered by a temperature sensor)
can be adopted to enhance adaptability.
Selection Criteria
1. Function matching: Select the type based on the application scenario (for fire protection, choose fine water mist or foam nozzles; for cleaning, choose
high-pressure narrow-angle nozzles; for cooling, choose hollow cone nozzles).
2. Parameter compliance: Adheres to classification society standards (such as China CCS, US ABS) and industry norms (such as CB/T3813-1998),
ensuring that the spray flow rate, angle, and coverage area meet the design requirements (for example, the spray nozzle flow rate in the paint booth needs
to be ≥ 30L/min under a pressure of 0.5 bar).
3. Environmental adaptability: Preferentially select corrosion-resistant materials (such as stainless steel, silicon carbide).
4. Maintaining convenience: Opt for a detachable structure (such as the FZW series) to reduce the workload of disassembly and assembly during maintenance;
avoid choosing spray heads with decorative coatings to prevent the coating from peeling off and affecting the spray effect.
Specific Application
1. Deck and large surface cleaning: High-pressure impact + Wide-angle coverage
The ship deck is constantly exposed to the marine environment and is prone to accumulate salt crystals, oil stains, dust, and marine debris (such as barnacles and shellfish).
This seriously affects the appearance and structural safety of the ship. The ship cleaning nozzles (mostly fan-shaped or rotating nozzles) are pressurized
by a high-pressure pump (with a pressure typically ≥ 10 MPa) to generate water flow. The Venturi effect is utilized to increase the spraying speed, forming a strong
impact force fan-shaped or wide-angle spray. This can quickly wash away stubborn dirt on the deck surface. Some nozzles adopt a 360-degree rotation design
(such as rotating nozzles), which can automatically cover a larger area and reduce the manual operation intensity; the feature of adjustable flow rate (5 - 50 L/min)
ensures the cleaning intensity while avoiding water waste. For example, the narrow-angle conical nozzle (30° - 45°) through a centralized cleaning fan surface,
when directing water flow for directional flushing of the ship's side and corners of the deck, can not only thoroughly remove dirt but also control the water mist dispersion,
preventing water from splashing onto the equipment in the compartments.
2. Ship hull cleaning: Removal of marine organisms and salt deposits
The hull of a ship is constantly exposed to seawater, which makes it prone to the attachment of marine organisms such as shellfish, algae, and barnacles.
These attachments increase the resistance of the ship during navigation (by approximately 10% - 20%) and reduce fuel efficiency. Ship-mounted spray nozzles
(such as high-pressure narrow-angle nozzles) use high-speed water flow (up to 30m/s or more) to impact the hull surface, breaking the adhesion of marine organisms,
in combination with a flow path design to prevent blockages (such as spiral inner flow channels), effectively remove salt deposits and dirt, keeping the hull smooth.
Some nozzles are made of corrosion-resistant materials (such as 316 stainless steel and silicon carbide), which are suitable for the high-salt environment of the
ocean and prevent the deterioration of spray performance due to material corrosion.
3. Sensitive area gentle cleaning: Low-pressure fine mist and No damage
In sensitive areas such as the electronic equipment compartments, medical rooms, and control rooms of ships, there are precision instruments, medicines,
and medical equipment. Gentle cleaning methods are required to avoid the impact or damage to the equipment caused by high-pressure water flow.
The ship's low-pressure spray nozzle (with a pressure of ≤ 3 MPa) generates fine and uniform water mist (with droplet diameters of ≤ 100 μm), which can gently
cover these areas, remove surface dust and stains, and at the same time, will not cause physical damage to the equipment. Moreover, the low-pressure spray
can increase the air humidity (the relative humidity can be raised to 50%-60%), reduce the generation of static electricity in sensitive areas, and lower the risk of fire.
4. Fine cleaning of crevices and corners: Directional fine streams and Precise coverage
The deck gaps, cabin corners, equipment bases and other areas are prone to accumulate dirt and grime (such as oil sludge and rust stains), and conventional
sprayers are difficult to thoroughly clean them. Marine spray nozzles (such as narrow-angle conical nozzles, adjustable-angle nozzles) use a directional fine-flow
design (the spray angle can be adjusted from 15° to 90°) to precisely cover these narrow areas. By utilizing the impact force of high-pressure water flow,
they can remove deep dirt. For example, the adjustable-angle nozzle can adjust the spray direction according to the size of the gap to ensure that the water flow directly
acts on the dirt, avoiding omissions. The anti-clogging structure (such as detachable blades, large diameter flow channels) is convenient for maintenance.
Regular cleaning of the nozzle interior is necessary to prevent salt crystallization or impurities from blocking, thus maintaining the spray effect.
5. Equipment and pipeline cleaning: High pressure and rotational lifting efficiency
The equipment of ships, such as engines, generators, and pipeline systems, will accumulate oil stains, dust, and rust over a long period of operation, which will affect
the heat dissipation and operational efficiency of the equipment. Ship-mounted spray nozzles (such as rotating nozzles and high-pressure narrow-angle nozzles)
can cover the surface of the equipment in a 360-degree manner through high-pressure water flow and rotational design, quickly removing oil stains and rust.
Their adjustable flow and pressure feature allows for adjusting the cleaning intensity according to the material of the equipment (such as metal or plastic), avoiding damage to the equipment. For example, when cleaning the engine compartment with a rotating nozzle, it can quickly cover the surface and gaps of the engine, improving the cleaning efficiency and reducing downtime.
